CNC machining center is the core technology of modern machine tools
Traditional machine tools extend human physical strength and become working machines, while CNC technology gives machine tools a brain, making them more and more "smart". Numerical control technology has evolved from passive execution of motion instructions to the ability to "perceive" the temperature, vibration, energy consumption and other operating conditions of the machine tool and adjust and control it. It can measure workpiece size, tool damage and predict tool life online, and prevent interference between tools and moving parts. , And even provide voice navigation or send short messages for the operator. The intelligent function of the CNC machine tool can ensure that the machine tool automatically adapts to the changes in the processing environment, thereby making the machine tool operation more convenient, more stable in accuracy, and more efficient.

The five-axis linkage greatly expands the processing range of the machine tool, making it possible to process complex shapes and spatial curved parts, and provides a broad prospect and space for the structural innovation and optimization of various products. Compound processing can complete the processing of complex parts on one machine, avoiding workpiece handling and multiple clamping between procedures, shortening the processing chain, and improving processing quality.

High-speed machining greatly improves machining efficiency. In addition to focusing on high efficiency, high-efficiency machining also considers high energy efficiency and high efficiency. The integration of automation systems such as automatic skateboard exchange, robot loading and unloading, flexible manufacturing cells and systems are important measures to further improve labor productivity and an important way for the sustainable development of the machine tool industry.

The linear motor and direct drive greatly simplify the mechanical transmission structure of the machine tool. The movement and rotation of the moving parts of the machine tool are directly provided by the servo motor, which obviously improves the dynamic performance of the machine tool and makes the "zero transmission" machine tool a reality, which is more able to meet the needs of high-speed and high-precision machining.

The forward-looking control and trajectory smoothing processing technology of the CNC system, the position and speed precision control technology, the factory bus and the network technology have significantly improved the dynamic performance and control accuracy of the system, and ensured the high-speed, high-precision and multi-axis linkage of Fudao CNC machine tools. Stability and reliability.

1. The status quo of CNC machining technology in my country

In recent years, my country's CNC machining technology has developed rapidly, and domestic CNC lathes can fully meet the needs of the domestic market. With high-performance horizontal turning centers and turning-milling centers, some products have been able to meet the requirements of some domestic high-end users through joint ventures, technology introduction and independent development. However, horizontal turning-milling composite machining centers, horizontal turning centers with Y-axis or C-axis, dual-spindle horizontal turning centers and high-precision horizontal turning centers still mainly rely on imports.

The domestic vertical machining center is relatively mature in technology, and its technical performance is close to the international level. There are many manufacturers and a certain batch, which has been recognized by domestic users. Due to its cost-effective advantages, the maintenance service cost after the warranty period is relatively low, which can basically meet the needs of the domestic market. The current key is to vigorously improve product quality and reliability, and strengthen pre-sales and after-sales services.

Although the domestic horizontal machining center can meet the needs of the market, there is still a certain gap in accuracy and performance compared with similar foreign products. Most of the foreign horizontal machining centers are equipped with temperature compensation systems, which have high positioning accuracy and good accuracy retention. Therefore, in recent years, horizontal machining centers have been imported more. In terms of high-speed machining centers and five-axis machining centers, domestic companies have developed many new products. However, most products have not undergone strict production tests, and it is difficult to obtain universal recognition from users. Only a few varieties enter the production site of the enterprise. The key lies in the need to pass the production assessment of different types of users, and to continuously improve and perfect. High-precision (sub-micron and nano-level) machining centers are basically in a blank state in my country, and most of them rely on foreign imports.
The performance of domestic CNC gear machine tools is roughly equivalent to the international level. Except for individual high-precision CNC gear processing machines (DIN 5~6) and high-precision CNC gear grinders (DIN 2~3) still need to be imported, most of them have been able to Replace imported products.

Electrical processing machine tools, in addition to precision electrical processing machine tools, can meet market needs. There are still gaps in the machining accuracy, surface roughness, machining methods, and software of CNC electrical machining machine tools.

The domestic CNC grinder can basically meet the needs of the domestic market. However, some high-precision, high-efficiency, and composite CNC grinding machines in CNC grinding machines have to rely on imports, such as CNC precision universal cylindrical grinding machines, CNC precision forming surface grinders, CNC crankshaft grinders, CNC camshaft grinders, and large-scale CNC grinding machines in recent years. Products such as cylindrical grinders and various CNC high-efficiency special grinders are imported.

Domestic CNC heavy-duty metal cutting machine tools have a great advantage in price, and the price is only about half of that of similar foreign products. Through independent development and actual production application and assessment in recent years, except for some super-heavy, multi-axis control, Except that there are no domestic products for precision, most of them have been recognized by domestic power generation, metallurgy, mining and other equipment manufacturers.

2. The gap with foreign countries

1. Business philosophy gap

The "market-oriented" concept of some domestic enterprises is short-sighted and narrow-minded, only limited to the quality of the product's sales, simply selling the product, the so-called after-sales service is repairing machine tools. Focusing on customers, focusing on customer needs, providing solutions, creating value for customers, and shifting from product competition to service competition has not yet become the core business philosophy of the company. Especially for the needs of high-end customers, domestic machine tool companies often supply non-needed products and cannot supply them. Although the current situation has improved, there is still no fundamental change.

Some domestic companies ignore the importance of technology integration, limit themselves to the production of machine tools and equipment, and fail to realize that the integration of software and hardware will bring great potential for customers to create value. Leading foreign machine tool companies generally regard software and hardware integration as an important way to adjust their product structure. For example, DMG’s Power Tool software package, Mazak’s Cyber ​​Production management system, GF AgieCharmilles’ Smart Machine process monitoring system, Siemens 828D’s ShopMill and Program Guide programming software, etc.

2. Key technology gap

Compared with the powerful countries in machine tool manufacturing, my country's CNC machine tools still have obvious gaps in terms of structure, technical level, innovation and research and development capabilities. The basic technology, key technology and common technology have not yet been fully mastered. Focus on customer needs, develop personalized products, develop specialized CNC machine tools, and provide users with a weak ability to provide comprehensive solutions.

In particular, the development of high-performance CNC systems and core functional components lags behind that of the host, and the market share is very low, which has become the main bottleneck restricting the development of my country's CNC machine tool industry.

The gap in key technologies is ultimately reflected in the reliability and accuracy stability of domestic CNC machine tools. Even if the large number of CNC machine tools that my country can produce and the technology is relatively mature, such as vertical machining centers, small and medium-sized horizontal machining centers, CNC lathes and other products, the market is slightly inferior due to reliability and accuracy retention. As a result, foreign companies have a considerable market share.